How does hypothermia affect a person's body?

Hypothermia profoundly impacts a person's body by lowering the core body temperature. This condition occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, resulting in a core temperature dropping below the normal range, which is typically around 98.6°F (37°C). When the body temperature falls, various physiological processes begin to slow down, leading to symptoms such as shivering, confusion, and reduced coordination. In severe cases, it can cause serious complications, including loss of consciousness and even death.

The other options do not accurately reflect how hypothermia affects the body. For instance, an increase in metabolic rate does not occur; rather, metabolism slows as the body attempts to conserve energy. Raising blood pressure is also not a consequence of hypothermia; instead, blood pressure may decrease as the body struggles to maintain homeostasis under stress. Cognitive function is typically impaired during hypothermic conditions due to the brain's reliance on a normal temperature for optimal performance, making it more difficult for a person to think clearly or respond appropriately. Understanding these effects is crucial, especially in situations where individuals may be exposed to cold environments for prolonged periods.